General Cardiac Surgery
Nifong LW, Chitwood WR Jr. Building a surgical robotics program. Am J Surg. 2004 Oct;188(4A Suppl):16S-18S. Abstract .
Rayman R. Robot-assisted cardiac surgery. Semin Laparosc Surg. 2004 Jun;11(2):73-9. Abstract .
Boyd WD, Stahl KD. The Janus syndrome: a perspective on a new era of computer-enhanced robotic cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 Sep;126(3):625-30. PDF .
Kypson AP, Nifong LW, Chitwood WR Jr. Robotic cardiac surgery. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2003;13(6):451-64. Abstract .
While clinical studies support the effectiveness of the da Vinci® System when used in minimally invasive surgery, individual results may vary. Surgery with the da Vinci Surgical System may not be appropriate for every individual. Always ask your doctor about all treatment options, as well as their risks and benefits.